Fluids move through pipes in different flow regimes. The Reynolds Number (
Total pressure drop = friction losses + static head + dynamic losses.
💡 Pressure drop varies inversely with the fifth power of diameter. Doubling the diameter reduces pressure drop by ~97% — but quadruples material cost.
Standard thicknesses are defined by "Schedules" (SCH 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, XXS).