A specific volume of the chosen solvent is added to the flask.
Duplicate results by the same operator using the same equipment should not differ by more than the specified limits (typically 0.1 mL or 10% of the mean). Astm D95 Pdf
Water contamination in petroleum products and bituminous materials can lead to severe operational issues, including corrosion, reduced lubrication efficiency, and catalyst poisoning in refining processes. Consequently, the accurate measurement of water content is a fundamental requirement in the petroleum industry. A specific volume of the chosen solvent is
The general procedure, as outlined in the ASTM D95 standard, involves the following steps: Consequently, the accurate measurement of water content is
Typically , depending on the sample type and water content. [12†L21-L23]
Continue the distillation process until no more water is visible in any part of the apparatus except the bottom of the trap, and the volume reading becomes constant (typically 1 to 2 hours). Step 4: Final Measurement Allow the apparatus to cool to room temperature.