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Kerala boasts the highest literacy rate in India, and this reflects in its "cinephile" audience.

The arrival of Communism in Kerala during the 1930s brought with it agrarian and workers' movements, and a cultural churn that birthed political street plays, songs, literature, and cinema. In 1952, playwright Thoppil Bhasi wrote Ningalenne Communistakki ("You Made Me a Communist"), which was later adapted into a film that helped spread leftist ideology among the masses.